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M e h S w e e h s 2 I S E v T A B L M M S D L 0 H R GAS 0R VAPOR ENGINE.

'No. 565,786. Patented Aug. 11,1896.

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R. E. OLDS 8c M. F. BATES. v GAS OR VAPOR ENGINE. No. 565,786. PatentedAug. 11, 1896.

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NITED STATES ATENT EEroE.

RANSOM E. OLDS AND MADISON E. BATES, OF LANSING, MICHIGAN; SAID BATESASSIGNORTO THE P. F. OLDS & son, OF SAME PLACE.

GAS QR VAPOR ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 565,786, dated August11, 1896. Application filed August 24, 1895. Serial No. 560,381. (Nomodel.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, RANsoM E. OMB and MADISON F. BATEs, citizens of theUnited States, residing at Lansing, in the county of Ing'ham and Stateof Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas orVapor Engines, of which the following is a specification, referencebeing had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates more particularly to that type of gas-engines inwhich the motive power is derived from the combustion of carbureted airin the engine-cylinder; and the invention particularly relates to theimproved construction, arrangement, and operation of different parts,notably of the valve mechanism, the regulator which controls the supplyof vapor and the carbureting devices, which in our construction form anorganic part of the engine and make it self-contained, all as more fullyhereinafter described, and shown in the drawings, in which Figure 1shows our improved gas-engine in elevation. Fig. 2 is a horizontalsection thereof. Fig. 3 is an enlarged detachedelevation of the valvemechanism and of the regulator. Fig. 4 is a vertical central sectionthrough the carbureter substantially on line w 00, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 showsthe inlet and exhaust valves detached. Fig. 6 is a rear elevation of thenotched wheel in the valve mechanism, and Fig. 7 is a vertical sectionshowing the construction of the igniter in de tail.

The construction of the engine will be readily seen from the drawings,in which the different numbers indicate the following parts:

1 is the engine-cylinder open at one end.

2 is the piston, which is hollow,open at one end and greatly elongated.It has a suitable packing about midway of its length, and the space 6 inwhich it moves in the cylinder constitutes the combustion-chamber.

3 is the piston-rod, pivotally secured to the piston. 1 is the mainshaft, provided with the fly-wheel 7 and crank 5, with which the pistonengages.

8 is a valve-chamber connected by a passage with the combustion-chamber6.

9 and 11 are the inlet and exhaust valves,

respectively, which control inlet and exhaust ports formed uponopposite-sides of the valve chamber. 52 and 53 are the stems to whichthese valves are respectively secured, and 41 is a spring interposedbetween them.

10 is the inlet, and 12 is the exhaust-charm her, with which thevalve-chamber 8 communicates under control of the valves 9 and 11,respectively.

4:2 is an exhaust-port into the atmosphere from the chamber12.

4:5 is a spring secured upon the valve-stem 52 to normally hold theinlet-valve 9 closed.

13 is the closingespring of the valve 11.

14 is a collar secured upon the valvestem 53.

20 is a valve-operating eccentric on the engine-shaft.

21 is the eccentric-strap.

22 is an eccentric-rod detachably secured to the strap by means of thekey 13.

17 is a slide mounted in a fixed guide-bearing 18 and actuated by theeccentric-rod 22.

5 1 is a feed-pump having its actuating piston-rod secured to andoperated bythe slide 17.

57 and 58 are the suction and delivery pipe of the pump, respectively.

16 is a notched wheel journaled upon a wrist-pin 56, secured in theslide and arranged to move in the path of the valve-stem 53.

4:4: is a spring, the tension of which prevents the notched wheel fromrevolving to freely.

26 is a pendulum-weight suspended from the slide 17.

2 1 is a spring pressing against a flat portion of the pendulum tointerfere by its tension with the free swinging of the pendulum.

27 is a spring-arm secured to the pendulum and engaging at its free enda catch 15, pivotally supported on some Stationary part of the engine.

56 is a ratchet wheel on the notched wheel 16.

23 is a pawl pivoted on the arm 18 and adapted to operate theratchet-wheel 56.

58 is the carbureter containing the carbureting chamber 37, whichcommunicates through a drip-pipe with the gasolene-cup 30, whichsurmounts it.

39 is an air-inlet into the carbureting-ehamber, and 38 is the outletfrom said chamber,

which communicates into the chamber 10.

34 is a regulating needle-valve controlling the inlet-port 36 of thedrip-pipe.

33 is a waste-pipe leading from the carbureting-chamber into the tank orreservoir 59 formed by the hollow'ba'se of the engine, and 52 is anoverflow-pipe leading from the gasolene-cup 30 into thecarbureting-chamber.

The construction of the igniter is shown in detail in Fig. 7.

53 is the flame fed from any suitable supply.

46 is the i-gn-iter-tube adapted to'be heated to incandesence by theflame and communieating through a port 60 with the chamber 8.

As shaft 4 revolves it draws piston 2 forward in cylinder 1 andforms apartial vacuum in back end of cylinder 1 and combustionchamber 6, whichcauses inlet-valve 9 to open in drawing the air through opening 39 incarbureter58". The momentum of thebalancewheel starts the piston backagain and causes inlet-valve 9 to close instantly by the aid of spring45, and the charge is then compressed into combustion-chamber 6, at thesame time filling the igniter-tube 46 with the combustible charge. Thisbeing kept incandescent by the flame around the outside of tube ignitescharge in combustion-chamber 6, thereby giving force to piston,imparting an impulse to crank, and storing energy in balancewheel 7 tocarry over idle points. As the piston starts to move toward thecombustionchamber 6 again, the eccentric is so set on shaft4 that itopens exhaust-valxe 11 by means of the exhaust-valve stem 53 coming incontact with one of the points of the moving ratchet-wheel 16, whichopens the exhaustvalve until the piston has reached its extreme backwardstroke, when it closes. At the point where the exhaust-valve closes thepawl 23 comes in contact with ratchet-wheel 5'6 and moves the notchedWheel, so that during the next compression the exhaust-valve remainsclosed by the stem passing into a notch between two high points on thenotched Wheel, the spring 44 being a friction to hold the wheel inposition.

The speed of the engineis governed by the pendulum device, which isnormally held in avertical position by spring24; but if the averagespeed of the engine is exceeded the weight 26 under the influence of itsmomentum will not start as quickly as the slide 17, when the eccentricchanges its stroke to forward. Thiswill throw catch 15 up in contactwith sleeve 14 by means of spring 27 and thereby hold the exhaust-valveopen and at the same time hold the inlet-valve closed by means of itsstem compressing the spring 41.

While the speed of the engine is below the average, the weight 26 willnot vibrate on account of the pressure brought to bear by spring 24 andthe catch will not be thrown in contact with sleeve 14, allowingcylinder to draw in a new charge with every other revolution.

The pump 54 is to supply the ca'rburetercup 30with gasolene. Itpumpsmore than is required and the surplus passes through overflow 32and waste-pipe 33 into gasolene-reservoir in base of engine. Thecarbureter is so adjusted that a continuous stream or drip'of gasolenepasses through pipe 35' into the carbureter-chamber 37, and as theair-current created by the suction passes through said chamber 011 itsway into the combustionchamber it carburets the air and renders itcombustible. During the idle strokes of the engine the gasolene passesdirectly down through overflow 33. The necessary quantity of gasolene iscontinuously supplied by the pump into the cup 30 through the feedpipe58, and the eccentric valve-rod 22 can be readily disconnected bymean'sof the key 43, so' that the pump can be operated by hand whileengine is at rest, if necessary. The igniter-tube is firmly held inposition by the pressure-bar in a manner to permit its free expansionand contraction. It is madeeasily removable and can be reversed, and thesetscrew 49 accommodates different lengths of tube.

It will be readily understood that by means of the elongated hollowpiston the heat of combustion is kept away from the working partof thecylinder, so that no water will be needed to keep it cool.

The arrangement of thevalve in a-separa'te sem-id'etached casing, whichis connected to' the side of the cylinder in a position where it isdetached from thecom'bu'stioirchamber, excludes any injuriouseftec'ts'fron'r th'e heat and concussion, and the valves operatingindependently but cooperating in the manner described by means of theirvalve-stems and .the interposed spring simplify the constructionmaterially and insure their perfect work- 1ng.

The mechanism for actuating the exhaustvalve is very si'mpl'eand notliable to get out of order, and the regulator effectively con trols thespeed and can be easily set for any desired speed by simply adjustingthe'weight up or down. I

The carburetor is organically combined with the engine in a manner tomake a compact structure, and its operation is such as to insure auniform quality of carbureted air capable of easy adjustment as toquantity of gas needed.

The construction of the ign'ite'r has" the? advantage that there is nospecial fitting of the tubes required. They need no threading, as bymeans of metal gaskets an; air-tight joint can be readily made.

What we claim as our invention is 1. In a gas-engine, the combination oftwo oppositely-movin g disk-valves controlling the inlet and exhaustports respectively and having their valve-stems arranged in line'witheach other, springs upon each valve-stem to close the valvesindependently of each other and a spring interposed between thevalvestems of the two valves, substantially as described.

2. In a gas-engine, the combination of the valve-chamber 8 provided withinlet and exhaust ports upon opposite sides, the automatically-closinginlet and exhaust valves 9, 11, controlling said ports, the spring 41interposed between the valve-stems of said valves, and a regulatingdevice acting through a detent on the stem of the exhaust-valve tocontrol its closing, substantially as described.

3. In a gas-engine, the combination of the automatically-closingexhaust-valve 11, carried by the valve-stem 53, the reciprocating slide17, the bearing 18 in which it is guided, the eccentric on the mainshaft detachably connected to and operating said slide, the pump havingits piston connected to the slide, and the notched wheel 16 carried bythe slide in the path of the valve-stem and adapted to intermittentlyengage and move the stem of the exhaust-valve to open said valve,substantially as described. a

4. In a gas-engine, the combination of the automatically-operatinginlet-valve 9, the automaticallyclosing exhaustvalve 11, the

spring 41 interposed between the valve-stems of said valves, the slide17 operated by the movement of the engine and provided with means forintermittently operating the exhaust-valve, the pendulous weight carriedby the slide, the spring 24 arranged to hold the pendulous weight inposition by frictional contact, and the arm 27 provided with the catch15 adapted to detain the closing of the exhaust-valve by the movement ofthe pendulous weight, substantially as described.

5. In a gas-engine, the combination with the combustion-chamber and theinlet-valve, of the carbureter 58, comprising the carbureting-chamber37, having air-inlet 39 and outlet 38 communicating with theinlet-valve, the gasolene-cup 30, surmounting the carbureting-chamberand provided with the drippipe extending into said chamber, theneedle-valve in said drip-pipe, a supply-pipe 37 into said gasolene-cupand connected to a source of continuous supply, an overflow-pipe fromthe gasolene-cup into the carburetingchamber, and a waste-pipe from thelatter to the source of supply, substantially as described.

6. In a gas-engine, the combination with the cylinder provided with acombustionchamber in one end, of the piston provided with a suitablepacking and a hollow closed extension projecting freely beyond saidpacking into the combustion-chamber of the engine, substantially asdescribed.

7. In a gas-engine, the combination with the valve-casing, of anautomatically-opening inlet-valve having a stem projecting without thecasing, a spring on said stem for closing the valve, anoppositely-working exhaustvalve, means for opening said exhaust-valve,means for closing the exhaust-valve, and a spring between said valvesfor holding the inlet-valve closed while the exhaust-valve is open,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of twowitnesses.

RANSOM E. OLDS.

MADISON F. BATES. YVitnesses:

OHAs. F. HAMMOND, HARRIS E. THOMAS.

